Pandemic Diseases: A Practical Study in the Light of Medical Ethics and the Objectives of Shariah

Abstract

The outbreak of pandemic diseases poses profound challenges to healthcare systems, ethical frameworks, and religious principles across the globe. This study examines the intersection of medical ethics and Islamic jurisprudence (Shariah) in the context of managing and responding to pandemics. By exploring the ethical dilemmas and decisions faced by healthcare professionals, patients, and policymakers, the research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how Islamic ethical principles can guide actions during public health crises.

The paper delves into key ethical concerns such as the allocation of limited medical resources, the duty of care, patient autonomy, and the implementation of public health measures like quarantine and vaccination. These issues are analyzed through the lens of Shariah, particularly focusing on the objectives (Maqasid) of preserving life, intellect, religion, progeny, and wealth.

Through an applied study, the research evaluates how these ethical and religious principles are applied in real-world scenarios during pandemics. It also highlights the compatibility and potential tensions between modern medical practices and Islamic ethical guidelines, offering practical recommendations for harmonizing the two.

The findings underscore the importance of a balanced approach that respects both medical ethics and the overarching objectives of Shariah, ensuring that responses to pandemics are not only effective but also ethically sound and spiritually fulfilling. This study contributes to the broader discourse on public health ethics by providing insights relevant to Muslim-majority contexts and beyond.